University Regulations for Authors

1. If esteemed authors have an article currently under review in the journal, they should refrain from submitting another article until a final decision has been made on the first one.
2. When submitting an article, it is necessary to upload the following files according to the specified conditions:
   • Main Article File: The authors' names must be removed from this file. Also, the filename should not contain the authors' names.
   • Authors' Information File: This file should only include the authors' names and their affiliations. The number and order of names in this file must match what is entered into the system.
   • Conflict of Interest File: Download the Conflict of Interest form from this section, complete it, and upload it.
   • Copyright Transfer File: Download the Copyright Transfer form from this section, complete it, and upload it.
   • Authors' Commitment Form
3. Submitted articles are evaluated from three aspects: 1- Structure 2- Writing and Editing 3- Content

As it is clear, in addition to having appropriate content, an article must first and foremost have corrected and acceptable writing. Therefore, the journal does not send articles with inappropriate writing and editing for review, as the reviewer may reject the article at first glance.

 

Style Guide for Writing Articles

1. Scientific Conditions
2. The article must possess originality and innovation (Original Research), be analytical, and be the result of the author's or authors' scientific research.
3. The article must adhere to scientific research methods and utilize authentic, original, and up-to-date sources.
4. Article Structure
5. The article must have a strong and coherent structure in terms of writing and observe the principles of Persian eloquence and rhetoric.
6. A scientific-research article has a specific structure that must be carefully maintained and observed. The constituent components of a scientific-research article are as follows:
   • Article Title (The title must be short, expressive, and reflect the content of the article)
   • Abstract (Between 200 to 300 words)
   • Keywords (Between 3 to 6 words)
   • Introduction (This section should be approximately one page and include stating the research question(s), research objectives, and the necessity or importance of the research)
   • Literature Review (In this section, the author refers to the background of previous studies, including books and articles, related to their research topic)
   • Research Method (This section addresses items such as the type of research, research method and data collection, type of data, variables, etc.)
   • Main Discussion (In this section, using quantitative and qualitative methods, the data are analyzed and the article topic is scientifically examined and analyzed)
   • Conclusion (In this section, the findings and results of the research are presented accurately and clearly)

Note: If your article has a financial sponsor or research grant provider, or is derived from a research project, it is mandatory to mention this information in a paragraph titled "Acknowledgments." This paragraph should be placed at the end of the article, before the reference list.

3. The length of the article should be between 5000 and 8000 words.
4. Proper nouns, Latin terms, and foreign compounds should be written in the text immediately following their Persian equivalent, enclosed in parentheses.
5. Citation and Bibliography Style

References and Sources

The Journal of Literary Techniques uses the APA method for citation and bibliography. The references and sources at the end should be formatted as follows:

Guide for Referencing in APA Style.

Note: An extended English abstract (along with an extended Persian abstract) must be submitted by the author a maximum of two weeks after the scientific acceptance of the article.

Structure of the Extended Abstract:

An extended abstract is a scholarly document prepared with the aim of providing a study of the main article in a short time. In this regard, and in order to make Persian articles accessible to non-Persian speaking audiences, the Journal of Literary Techniques provides an extended abstract in English with the following structure for each Persian article, which is published alongside the article.

Components of the Extended Abstract

• Title
  • Author(s)
  o First and Last Name, Institutional Affiliation, Email, ORCID
  o Designation of the Corresponding Author
  • Short Abstract (150 to 200 words)
  • Keywords
  • Main Text

-Introduction:
The introduction must include the scope, objective, problem, significance, and limitations of the research. In other words, it should answer the question, "What is the main research problem of the present study?" It should also briefly address the research background and literature. The research hypotheses or questions must be clearly stated.
The word count for the introduction section is a maximum of 250 words.

-Research Methodology: (Materials & Methods)
The research methodology should be explained clearly, in detail, and with citations if necessary.
The word count for the methodology section is a maximum of 250 words.

-Research Findings:
In this section, the findings are presented in a summarized form. The author may use tables, images, graphs, etc., to present the findings. It is recommended to summarize the data in tables and graphs as much as possible. These items should be designed using Word or Excel software and should not be saved in image format. Furthermore, the aforementioned items should be placed in the text of the extended abstract immediately after their citation. A maximum of 2 items of each type is permitted.
The word count for the research findings section is a maximum of 250 words.

-Discussion of Results & Conclusion:
The content presented in this section must be related to the problem and hypotheses or research questions stated in the introduction and based on the findings presented in the research findings section.
The word count for the discussion and conclusion section is a maximum of 250 words.

• Acknowledgments:
  If necessary, acknowledge individuals and organizations that contributed to the completion of the research.

References:

(This section is not included in the word count limitation of the extended abstract)

All Persian sources, translated into English, should be integrated with other Latin sources and arranged in alphabetical order. At the end of each source translated from Persian, the phrase "(In Persian)" should be placed.

• Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Introduction
  • Materials & Methods
  • Research findings
  • Discussion of Results & Conclusion
  • References

Some Important Notes:

1 - Author Name
Regarding the mention of authors' names based on their number, follow the method in the table below (please pay attention to the punctuation marks: period, comma, semicolon, and &).

One author	Brown, W. P.
Two authors	Samovar, L. A., & Porter, R. E.
Three to five authors	Krause, K. L., Bochner, S., & Duchesne, S.
Six or seven authors (NEW)	Shepherd, R., Barnett, J., Cooper, H., Coyle, A., Moran-Ellis, J., Senior, V., & Walton, C.
Eight or more authors (NEW)	Chiappini, E., Principi, N., Longhi, R., Tovo, P. A., Becherucci, P., Bonsignori, F., ... de Martino, M.
Corporate / group author	Ministry of Education.
No author	Use Anonymous only if this is used in the publication.

Note: The names of Iranian and Arab authors must be written in full, not abbreviated, and must definitely be according to the standard transliteration method (described below). In other cases, the above pattern is fully applied, except that when there are multiple authors, a semicolon (;) is used to distinguish and separate their names, and "&" is used for the last author.

2 - Publication Date
The publication date for books, journals, and quarterlies includes only the year.
For monthlies, it includes the month and year, and for weeklies and newspapers, the day, month, and year are included (see table below).

Books and academic journals	(1993)
Magazines and newspapers: Monthly Daily, weekly	(1993, June) (1993, June 12)
No date	(n.d.)
In press	(in press)

3- Title of the Work
The title of a book and journal is italicized, and the title of an article and the title of a chapter from a book appear without quotation marks and are not italicized. For books and articles, the first letter of the first word of the main title and the first letter of the first word of the subtitle are capitalized. For journals, the first letter of all major words is capitalized.

Shobhadevi, Y. J., & Bidarakoppa, G. S. (1994). Possession phenomena: As a coping behavior. In G. Davidson (Ed.), Applying psychology: Lessons from Asia-Oceania (pp. 83-95). Carlton, Vic., Australia: Australian Psychological Society.

4 - Transliteration - Latin writing style specifically for Persian and Arabic names based on international standards.
Since Persian and Arabic share similar letters, and most problems in the Persian language relate to writing Arabic forms of words, the Arabic standards are referred to. First, the writing of a few Arabic names is mentioned as examples for conformity with other names. Following that, tables of letters and sounds and some important points regarding diacritics and signs are provided.

Some Standard Examples

Table of Consonants

Arabic	Name	Standard translit.	Strict translit.	Notes
ب	bā'	b	b
ت	tā'	t	t
ث	thā'	th	th	the sequence ته is written t′h
ج	jīm	j	j	pronounced [g] in Egyptian Arabic
ح	ḥā'	h	ḥ
خ	khā'	kh	kh	the sequence که is written k′h
د	dāl	d	d
ذ	dhāl	dh	dh	the sequence ده is written d′h
ر	rā'	r	r
ز	zāy	z	z
س	sīn	s	s
ش	shīn	sh	sh	the sequence سه is written s′h
ص	ṣād	s	ṣ
ض	ḍād	d	ḍ
ط	ṭā'	t	ṭ
ظ	ẓā'	z	ẓ
ع	'ayn	` | ‘ | different from hamza |
غ	ghayn	gh	gh
ف	fā'	f	f
ق	qāf	q	q	sometimes transliterated as "g"
ک	kāf	k	k
ل	lām	l	l
م	mīm	m	m
ن	nūn	n	n
ه	hā'	h	h
ء	hamzah	'	’	omitted in initial position
ه	tā' marbūṭah	ah or at or atan	ah or at or atan	usually as ah, but sometimes as at or atan.
و	wāw	w	w	See also long vowels
ی	ya'	y	y	See also long vowels
ِیّ	(yā')	iy or i	īy or ī	romanized īy except in final position
آ	'alif maddah	a, 'a	ā, 'ā	Initially ā, medially 'ā

Table of Short Vowels

Short vowels	Name	Translit. (standard and strict)
064E ◌َ	fat'ḥa	a
064F ◌ُ	ḍamma	u
0650 ◌ِ	kasra	i

Table of Long Vowels

Long vowels	Name	Standard Trans.	Strict Trans.
064E 0627 ◌َا	fat'ḥa alif	a	ā
064E 0649 ◌َى	fatḥa ʼalif maqṣūra (Arabic)	a	á
064E 06CC ◌َی	fatḥa yeh (Farsi, Urdu)		ā / aỳ
064F 0648 ◌ُو	ḍamma wāw	u	ū
0650 064A ◌ِی	kasra yā'	i	ī

- The writing style of Al, Al (family), and Ahl in Arabic

Arabic	meaning	transcription	example
ال	Definite article	al-	Suliman al-Reshoudi
آل	Family/dynasty	Al	Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
أهل	People/family of	Ahl	Ahl al-Bayt

• Examples: تقی الدین (Taqi al-Din) is pronounced and transliterated as "Taqi ad-Din".
  • Examples: "al-Qaeda"

The writing style of Solar and Lunar letters and "Ibn", "bin", "Abu", and "Abi"

These letters have different pronunciations in Arabic, therefore their writing also differs. For lunar letters, "al-" is used, and for solar letters, the solar letter is repeated instead of the "l". Pay attention to the following examples:

• Example: "Bandar ibn Sultan as-Sa'ud"
  • Counter-example: "Bandar ibn Sultan", "Bandar as-Saud ", or "Bandar bin Sultan bin 'Abd al-Aziz as-Sa'ud".
  • Example: "Turki ibn Faisal as-Sa'ud"
  • Counter-example: "Turki al-Faisal ".
  • Example: "Saddam Hussein at-Tikriti"
  • Counter-example: "Saddam bin Hussein at-Tikriti" (bin is not typically used in Iraq)
  • Example: "Waleed ash-Shehri"
  • Counter-example: "Waleed ibn Ahmed ash-Shehri" (he was not known to use his father's name)
  • Example: "'Ali ibn Abi Talib"
  • Counter-example: "'Ali ibn Abu Talib"

Table of Solar Letters

Solar letters	Standard translit.	Strict translit.
ت	t	t
ث	th	th
د	d	d
ذ	dh	dh
ر	r	r
ز	z	z
س	s	s
ش	sh	sh
ص	s	ṣ
ض	d	ḍ
ط	t	ṭ
ظ	z	ẓ
ن	n	n